Ethanol
Why? – Asian flush
Ethanol is metabolised by the liver by alcohol dehydrogenase to acetaldehyde, then by aldehyde dehydrogenase to acetate.
In 50% of Asian people, an inactive genetic variant of one of the aldehyde dehydrogenase isoforms (ALDH-2) is expressed; these individuals experience a disulfiram-like reaction after alcohol, and the incidence of alcoholism in this group is extremely low.
In the presence of disulfiram, which produces no marked effect when given alone, ethanol consumption is followed by a severe reaction comprising flushing, tachycardia, hyperventilation, and considerable panic and distress, which is due to excessive acetaldehyde accumulation in the bloodstream.
Why – do we want to pee?!
Diuresis is caused by inhibition of antidiurectic hormone secretion, and tolerance develops rapidly, so that dieresis is not sustrained.
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